Electromagnetic (EM) induction is a rapid, non-invasive geophysical method used to measure variations in subsurface conductivity by inducing and detecting secondary electromagnetic fields. The method is well-suited for mapping shallow features such utilities, USTs, buried fill/landfill delineation, changes in salinity, and conductive contaminant plumes. EM instruments can collect data while in motion, making them ideal for efficient site coverage over large areas. EM is a valuable tool for site characterization, environmental investigations, agricultural studies, and utility mapping. There are a variety of time domain and frequency domain EM instruments including instruments for use at the ground surface, and downhole probes designed for use in open holes or PVC-cased borings. The depth of investigation of the surface tools ranges from a few feet to hundreds of feet.
Electromagnetic Induction Terrain Conductivity (EMI)
Deep Time Domain Electromagnetics
Shallow Time Domain Electromagnetics
